Kajian Model Demokrasi : Teori dan Paradigma
Abstract
The meaning and substance of a democratic system is government from, by, and for the people. In a (relatively) rather broad sense, democracy is often interpreted as a government with all the activities that are managed, carried out by making the people as the subjects and fulcrums of determining the running of politics and governance. Because democracy is a system that is based on the people's sovereignty, nihilism towards elite sovereigns, or party sovereigns, or state sovereigns, or military sovereigns must be removed. This paper discusses the theories and paradigms of democratic models, including; (1) classical democratic models; (2) procedural democracy; (3) pluralist democracy; (4) autonomy democracy; (5) consensus or consosiational democracy; (6) deliberative democracy; and finally (7) social democracy.
Downloads
References
Cipto, Bambang. Partai, Kekuasaan dan Militerisme. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2000.
Dahl, Robert A. Dilema Demokrasi Pluralis: Antara Otonomi dan Kontrol. Penerjemah Sahat Simamora. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 1985.
Dahl, Robert A. Demokrasi dan Para Pengkritiknya. Penerjemah A. Rahman Zainuddin. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 1992.
Diamond, Larry. Developing Democracy toward Consolidation. Penerjemah Tim IRE Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta: IRE Press, 2003.
Hardiman, Francis Budi. Menuju Masyarakat Komunikatif: Ilmu Masyarakat, Politik, dan Postmodernisme Menurut Jurgen Habermas. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius, 1993.
Held, David. Models of Democracy. Penerjemah Abdul Haris. Jakarta: Akbar Tandjung Institute, 2007.
Huntington, Samuel P. The Third Wave: Democratization in The Late of Twentieth Century. Oklahama: University of Oklahama Press, 1991.
Mas’oed, Mohtar. Negara, Kapital dan Demokrasi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2003.
Meyer, Thomas. Demokrasi: Sebuah Pengantar untuk Penerapan. Edisi Kelima. Jakarta: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Indonesia, 2009.
Meyer, Thomas. Demokrasi Sosial dan Libertarian: Dua Model yang Bersaing dalam Mengisi Kerangka Demokrasi Liberal. Cetakan Kedua. Jakarta: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Indonesia, 2009.
Ratnawati dan Dwipayana, AANG Ari. Modul Teori Politik. Yogyakarta: Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2005.
Varma, S.P. Teori Politik Modern. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1975.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
