INVESTIGATION OF HYDROLOGICAL CAPACITY OF COFFEE PULP AND HYDROGEL AS BIOPORE FILLER IN RAIN GARDEN IN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE, JALAN BARU HAMLET, NORTH SUMATRA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52166/dearsip.v6i01.13007Keywords:
Biopore, Coffee Pulp, Green Infrastructure, Hydrogel, Rain GardenAbstract
Climate change and urbanization have increased surface runoff in Jalan Baru Hamlet, North Sumatra, due to low soil infiltration capabilities. This study aims to investigate the hydrological capacity of coffee pulp, hydrogel, and a combination of the two as biopore filler media in rain gardens as part of the implementation of green infrastructure. The experiment was carried out using five media variations, namely 100% hydrogel, 100% coffee pulp, and a combination of hydrogel–coffee pulp with a ratio of 75%:25%, 50%:50%, and 25%:75%. The parameters analyzed included water absorption rate and water absorption capacity at immersion times of 5, 10, and 15 minutes.
The results showed that 100% hydrogel had the highest hydrological performance with an absorption rate of 40.34 g/g/min and an absorption capacity of 252.42 g/g. In contrast, 100% coffee pulp showed the lowest value with an absorption rate of 0.77 g/g/min and an absorption capacity of 5.15 g/g. Increasing the proportion of hydrogels in mixed media has been shown to significantly improve water absorption ability. The combination of 75% hydrogel: 25% coffee pulp produces an absorption capacity of 222.50 g/g, while the combination of 25%: 75% produces a capacity of 80.57 g/g.
The combination of 50% hydrogel: 50% coffee pulp produces an absorption rate of 24.99 g/g/min and an absorption capacity of 134.48 g/g, and demonstrates the best balance between water retention, absorption stability, and ecological benefits. Coffee pulp plays a role in increasing the porosity of the medium and supporting the improvement of soil structure through the decomposition of organic matter, while hydrogel functions as a water retention medium with the ability to absorb and release water gradually. In addition to increasing water infiltration and retention capacity, the use of coffee pulp also supports the reduction of local organic waste and the application of circular economy principles. Thus, the combination of hydrogel–coffee pulp 50%: 50% is recommended as the optimal biopore filler medium for rain gardens because it has stable hydrological performance, is environmentally friendly, economical, and has the potential to support the sustainability of green infrastructure systems in controlling urban surface runoff.
Downloads
References
Aidilof, H. A. K., Yulisda, D., Yusdartono, H. M., Fitria, R., Razi, A., & Abdullah, D. (2023). Penyuluhan pembuatan biopori limbah kulit kopi di Desa Kenine Bener Meriah. Jurnal SOLMA, 12(1), 122–128.
Anggreni, S., Pratama, G. L., & Suryanto, A. (2023). Evaluasi kinerja lubang resapan biopori dengan variasi media pengisi terhadap penyerapan air. Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, 8(1), 1-10.
Anshorullah, J. A., Daniyanto, E., Sharvina, A. N., & Rahayu, yayuk S. (2022). Perancangan Gedung Olahraga Kemantren Dengan Tema Green Architecture. DEARSIP : Journal of Architecture and Civil, 2(2), 80–85. https://doi.org/10.52166/dearsip.v2i2.3530
Bannerman, R. (2003). Rain garden. A how to manual for homeowners. County UW Extension Offices.
BMKG. (2022). Analisis curah hujan ekstrem di Sumatera Utara. Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika. https://www.bmkg.go.id/iklim/?p=analisis-curah-hujan-extrem
BPS Sumatera Utara. (2023). Statistik kopi Indonesia 2023. Medan: BPS.
Burszta-Adamiak, E., Biniak-Pieróg, M., Dąbek, P. B., & Sternik, A. (2023). Rain garden hydrological performance – Responses to real rainfall events. Science of The Total Environment, 887, 164153.
Cervera-Mata, A., Molinero-García, A., Martín-García, J., & Delgado, G. (2022). Sequential effects of spent coffee grounds on soil physical properties. Soil Use and Management, 39, 286-297.
Fletcher, T. D., Shuster, W., Hunt, W. F., Ashley, R., Butler, D., Arthur, S., ... & Viklander, M. (2015). SUDS, LID, BMPs, WSUD and more: The evolution and application of terminology surrounding urban drainage. Urban Water Journal, 12(7), 525-542.
Hanuf, A. A., Prijono, S., & Soemarno. (2021). Improvement of soil available water capacity using biopore infiltration hole with compost in a coffee plantation. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 8(3), 2765–2773.
irdiansyah, achmad najma, & Subiyantoro, H. (2025). A AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON THE POSITION AND SIZE OF NATURAL AIR OPENINGS AS A PASSIVE VENTILATION STRATEGY IN SPACE. DEARSIP : Journal of Architecture and Civil, 5(02), 225–234. https://doi.org/10.52166/dearsip.v5i02.11060
Ostrowska-Czubenko, J., & Gierszewska-Drużyńska, M. (2009). Effect of ionic crosslinking on the water state in hydrogel chitosan membranes. Carbohydrate Polymers, 77(3), 590-598.
Pratiwi, D., & Adma, N. A. A. (2021). Perencanaan penggunaan lubang biopori sebagai salah satu mitigasi banjir perkotaan pada Jl. Seroja, Kecamatan Tanjung Senang. JICE, 2(2), 46.
Prince George’s County. (1993). Design manual of use of bioretention in stormwater management. Department of Environmental Resources.
Puspitasari, D., Lestari, I., & Rachmawati, R. (2017). Pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah kopi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol. Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri, 12(1), 1–8.
Sannino, A., Demitri, C., & Madaghiele, M. (2009). Biodegradable cellulose-based hydrogels: Design and applications. Materials, 2(2), 353–373.
Sekizkardes, B., Su, E., & Okay, O. (2023). Mechanically strong superabsorbent terpolymer hydrogels based on AMPS via hydrogen-bonding interactions. ACS Applied Polymer Materials, 5(3), 1920–1931.
Setiawan, A., suciati, endang, & Anam, C. (2023). ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN MADURAN KABUPATEN LAMONGAN. DEARSIP : Journal of Architecture and Civil, 3(02), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.52166/dearsip.v3i02.5215
Setiawan, M. F., Nopianto, D., & Purnomo, A. (2018). Fasilitasi pembuatan biopori di Perumahan Griya Sekar Gading Gunungpati Semarang. Seminar Nasional Kolaborasi Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1, 141–145.
Sukma, M. F. A., Setiyo Cahyono, H., & Carina, A. (2025). ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS IN KAMAJAYA HOUSING IN SUPPORTING THE FEASIBILITY OF LIVING. DEARSIP : Journal of Architecture and Civil, 5(02), 257–274. https://doi.org/10.52166/dearsip.v5i02.11074
Suriadikusumah, A., Mulyani, O., & Salim, A. (2015). Efektivitas hydrogel terhadap peningkatan C-organik dan pertumbuhan jagung manis. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 20 (3), 191–198.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2025). Benefits of green infrastructure. Diakses 28 Oktober 2025. https://www.epa.gov/green-infrastructure/benefits-green-infrastructure
Widyaputra, P. K. (2020). Penerapan infrastruktur hijau di berbagai negara: Mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan berbasis lingkungan. Bandung: Widina Bhakti Persada.
Zohuriaan-Mehr, M. J., & Kabiri, K. (2008). Superabsorbent polymer materials: A review. Iranian Polymer Journal, 17 (6), 451–477.
