INOVASI INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK BAHASA ARAB BERBASIS CEFR C1-C2 DAN HOTS SISWA KELAS X KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Keywords:
Bahasa Arab, CEFR, HOTS, Instrumen Penilaian, Maharah Istima'Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik serta mengembangkan instrumen penilaian maharah istima’ berbasis Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) level C1-C2 dan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) pada buku ajar Bahasa Arab kelas X Kurikulum Merdeka terbitan Erlangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan model pengembangan 4-D yang meliputi tahap define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Data diperoleh melalui analisis dokumen dan divalidasi oleh ahli materi, ahli evaluasi pembelajaran, dan ahli bahasa Arab. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa instrumen penilaian yang terdapat dalam buku ajar masih didominasi oleh soal-soal yang mengukur kemampuan memahami informasi secara literal dan berada pada level CEFR A1-A2 serta LOTS (C1-C2). Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan kemampuan analitis, evaluatif, dan kreatif peserta didik belum terukur secara optimal. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian ini mengembangkan instrumen penilaian yang mengintegrasikan deskriptor CEFR level C1-C2 dan indikator HOTS melalui aktivitas menyimpulkan gagasan utama, menganalisis informasi tersirat, mengevaluasi isi teks, serta menghasilkan gagasan baru berdasarkan materi simakan. Pengembangan instrumen ini memberikan alternatif asesmen yang lebih relevan untuk mengukur kompetensi komunikatif dan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab.
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