Respons Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Terhadap Pemberian Biochar Sekam Padi dan Mikoriza pada Tanah Ultisol
Keywords:
Cocoa, Mycorrhiza, Red-yellow Podzolic, Rice Husk Biochar, Ultisol
Abstract
The availability of ultisol soil, in the form of red-yellow podzolic soil, is essential in increasing cocoa production, especially in crop cultivation to meet national cocoa needs. This study aims to assess the effect of rice husk biochar and mycorrhiza, and the interaction of the two treatments on the growth of cocoa seedlings on red-yellow podzolic (ultisol) soil. This study used a quantitative method using Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), with 3 blocks as replicates. The first factor is the dose of rice husk biochar consisting of four levels, namely 0 t ha-1 (B0), 10 t ha-1 (B1), 20 t ha-1 (B2), and 30 t ha-1 (B3). The second factor was the dose of mycorrhiza with 4 levels, namely 0 g polybag-1 (M0), 12.5 g polybag-1 (M1), 25 g polybag-1 (M2), and 37.5 g polybag-1 (M3). The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed by the Post Hoc Tukey’s HSD at α= 5%. The results showed that the application of rice husk biochar at a dose of 30 t ha-1 gave the best results and significantly affected the plant height and crown wet weight of cocoa seedlings compared to the control. In addition, the application of mycorrhiza at a dose of 37.5 g polybag-1 also gave the best results and significantly affected plant height, stem diameter, crown wet weight, and crown dry weight of cocoa plant seedlings compared to the control. However, the interaction between the two treatments did not significantly affect each variable observed.
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References
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Gautam, K., Singh, P., Singh, R. P., & Singh, A. (2024). Impact of rice-husk biochar on soil attributes, microbiome interaction and functional traits of radish plants: A smart candidate for soil engineering. Plant Stress, 14, 100564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2024.100564
Hardiansyah, M. Y., Musa, Y., & Jaya, A. M. (2021). The Effectiveness of Giving Plant PGPR Rhizosphere Bamboo on Cocoa Seeds Germination at The Nursery Level. Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry, 10(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2021.101.1-5
Herman, W., Prameswari, W., & Arifin, Z. (2020). Pemanfaatan Biochar Plus Terhadap Tanah Entisol Pesisir Pantai dan Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.). JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA, 9(1), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.31850/jgt.v9i1.556
Ibrahim, E. A., El-Sherbini, M. A. A., & Selim, E.-M. M. (2023). Effects of biochar, zeolite and mycorrhiza inoculation on soil properties, heavy metal availability and cowpea growth in a multi-contaminated soil. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 6621. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33712-z
Ilham, B. W., Titin, A. A., Syahrudin, Siti, Z., Abdul, S., & Kambang, V. A. (2023). GROWTH RESPONSE OF BANJAR SIAM ORANGE (CITRUS NOBILIS LOUR VAR. MICROCARPA HASSK) SEEDS TO FERTILIZER OF GOAT MANURE AND NPK IN RED YELLOW PODSOLIC SOIL. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 142(10), 135–140. https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2023-10.16
Iswahyudi, Risyad, S., & Ulfia. (2018). Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada Media Tanah Sub Soil yang diberikan Biochar dan Pupuk Organik Granul. Jurnal Penelitian Agrosamudra, 5(2), 15–24. https://ejurnalunsam.id/index.php/jagrs/article/view/851
Khairiyah, Y., Widyastuti, R., & Badia Ginting, R. C. (2022). Efektivitas Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula pada Tanaman Singkong (Manihot esculenta) di Tanah Inceptisol Bogor. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 27(3), 414–420. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.27.3.414
Kuila, D., & Ghosh, S. (2022). Aspects, problems and utilization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) application as bio-fertilizer in sustainable agriculture. Current Research in Microbial Sciences, 3, 100107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100107
Kumar, A., Bhattacharya, T., Shaikh, W. A., & Roy, A. (2024). Sustainable soil management under drought stress through biochar application: Immobilizing arsenic, ameliorating soil quality, and augmenting plant growth. Environmental Research, 259, 119531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.119531
Mamondol, M. R., & Meringgi, A. R. A. B. (2022). The Effectiveness of Oil Palm Empty Bunch Compost and Goat Manure on Shallots Cultivated on Red Yellow Podzolic Soil. PLANTA TROPIKA: Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science), 10(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.18196/pt.v10i1.10621
Marwiansah, R., Ardi, & Warnita, W. (2023). Impact of rice husk biochar date on the growth and production of edamame (Glycine max L. Merrill) in Ultisol. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1160(1), 012024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1160/1/012024
Narayanan, M., & Ma, Y. (2022). Influences of Biochar on Bioremediation/Phytoremediation Potential of Metal-Contaminated Soils. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.929730
Nasution, I. S., Satriyo, P., Ichwana, Yolanda, S., & Alma, A. (2021). Non-destructive measurement of leaf area and leaf number of hydroponic pak-choy plants (Brassica rapa). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 644(1), 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/644/1/012004
Nisak, S. K., & Supriyadi, S. (2019). BIOCHAR SEKAM PADI MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI DI TANAH SALIN. Jurnal Pertanian Presisi (Journal of Precision Agriculture), 3(2), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.35760/jpp.2019.v3i2.2345
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Published
2025-07-02
How to Cite
Sapitu, F., Delyani, R., Mutaqin, Z., & Padidi, N. (2025). Respons Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Terhadap Pemberian Biochar Sekam Padi dan Mikoriza pada Tanah Ultisol. AGRORADIX : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 8(2), 101-111. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.52166/agroteknologi.v8i2.9309
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