Pengaruh Aplikasi Pupuk MKP dan NPK terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman dan Produksi Benih Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)
Keywords:
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), pupuk NPK, monopotassium phosphate (MKP), produksi benih, pertumbuhan tanamanAbstract
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) merupakan tanaman bahan baku industri serat, minyak nabati, dan biodiesel. Produktivitas benih kenaf menjadi faktor penting dalam mendukung keberlanjutan budidaya tanaman ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi pupuk NPK dan monopotassium phosphate (MKP) terhadap pertumbuhan1tanaman dan produksi benih kenaf. Penelitian1dilaksanakan1di lahan percobaan Politeknik Negeri Jember menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor: konsentrasi MKP (10, 15, dan 20 g/L) dan dosis NPK (50, 75, dan 100 kg/ha), masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, bobot kering akar, rendemen akar, bobot 1.000 butir, dan bobot benih per hektar. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan1uji1lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis NPK hingga 100 kg/ha terkait dengan pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih tinggi dan peningkatan bobot akar, rendemen akar, bobot 1.000 butir, serta bobot benih per hektar, yaitu masing-masing 188,69 cm, 82,80 g, 27,60%, 68,15 g, dan 10.314,11 kg/ha. Dosis NPK 50 dan 75 kg/ha menghasilkan nilai yang lebih rendah pada sebagian parameter. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian NPK yang tepat dapat mendukung pertumbuhan vegetatif sekaligus meningkatkan produksi benih kenaf. Aplikasi NPK dosis 100 kg/ha dapat digunakan sebagai strategi untuk meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, bobot akar, rendemen akar, dan hasil benih, mendukung keberlanjutan budidaya kenaf di Indonesia. Sedangkan perlakuan pemberian MKP belum memberikan pengaruh pada produksi tanaman dan benih kenaf.
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