AJER: Advanced Journal of Education and Religion

Konseptualisasi Pendidikan Islam Multikulturalisme

Yutamara Innafatunniyah — 2026-01-20

Islamic education based on multiculturalism is an approach that emphasizes the integration of Islamic values with the principles of tolerance, inclusiveness, and appreciation for social diversity. This research aims to analyze the strategies, challenges, and implementation of multicultural Islamic education in shaping students' characters to be tolerant, inclusive, and civilized. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach and observation of national journal literature from 2022–2023. The research results indicate that teachers and schools implement various strategies, including curriculum integration, collaborative learning methods, social projects, critical reflection, and strengthening teacher competence, to instill multicultural values. The obstacles encountered include limited teacher understanding, curriculum constraints, resource limitations, social resistance, and student readiness. Nonetheless, the implementation of multicultural Islamic education has proven effective in developing students who respect differences, are capable of interacting harmoniously, and possess a civilized religious character. These findings underscore the importance of synergy between teachers, schools, students, and the community in supporting the success of multicultural Islamic education.

Kepemimpinan Multikultural Transformasional: Navigasi Nilai Sunatullah dan Moderasi Beragama bagi Gen Z di Ruang Digital

Muhammad Nur Romdloni — 2026-01-21

This research explores the urgency of Transformational Multicultural Leadership as a value navigation instrument amidst the complexities of digital disruption affecting Generation Z in Indonesia. In an era where social media algorithms frequently create echo chambers and identity polarization, Gen Z is confronted with a paradox of value disorientation and a crisis of multiculturalism. Using a qualitative method through library research, this study performs a critical synthesis of modern transformational leadership theory with Islamic theological foundations, namely the values of Sunatullah (the natural law of diversity) and Religious Moderation (Wasathiyah). The research results indicate that transformational leadership in the digital sphere must shift from hierarchical authority to networked influence that prioritizes authenticity and intellectual stimulation. The navigation of Sunatullah values serves to provide an ontological basis that plurality is an absolute divine decree, while Religious Moderation acts as an operational strategy—encompassing national commitment, active tolerance, and anti-violence—to shield Gen Z from the pull of radical extremism and secular liberalism. These findings formulate an integrative digital leadership framework that positions Gen Z not merely as content consumers, but as subjects of change (micro-influencers) capable of internalizing moderation as a sustainable digital lifestyle to maintain social cohesion and national stability in the future.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Berbantu Media Kantong Perkalian Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Kelas II MI Islamiyah Sumberwudi

Maqoosidhan Nadhiifah — 2026-01-26

This research is motivated by the fact that many students have difficulty understanding mathematical concepts, especially in multiplication. One alternative is to use the Problem Based Learning model assisted by multiplication bag media to help students understand the concept of multiplication through real problems assisted by the use of concrete and interesting media. The researcher aims to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning model assisted by multiplication bag media on the understanding of mathematical concepts in multiplication material for class II students of MI Islamiyah Sumberwudi. This study uses quantitative research with a quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test with non-equivalent control-group design. The sample used was 40 students, consisting of two classes, namely class II A as the experimental class and class II B as the control class. Data collection techniques used were observation, tests, and documentation. Data analysis used was descriptive statistics, inferential analysis including normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis testing with independent t-tests. The results showed that the average posttest score of the experimental class was 80.6 and the average score of the control class was 67.75, which means that the experimental class score was higher than the control class. Based on the results of the hypothesis test with the Independent sample t-test, the Sig (2-tailed) value was 0.005 < 0.05 and the calculated t value > t table (3.013 > 2.024), which means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted.

Implementation of Multicultural Education as an Effort to Build an Attitude of Tolerance among Students at Tanwirul Qulub Islamic Boarding School

Muharrom Dwiki Anom — 2026-01-26

This study focuses on the implementation of multicultural education at the Tanwirul Qulub Islamic Boarding School in Lamongan and its contribution to fostering tolerance among students. Using a qualitative case study approach, data collection was conducted through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation analysis. The results show that multicultural education at this Islamic boarding school is realized through various activities, both formal and informal. In the formal realm, implementation is seen in the study of yellow books, madrasah diniyah, and school education that emphasizes universal Islamic values. Meanwhile, in the informal realm, multicultural values are practiced through the students' daily activities such as roan (joint community service), deliberations, and the manaqib activities of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jaelani, which involve broad community participation. Through these various activities, the Islamic boarding school strives to instill the values of tasamuh (tolerance), ukhuwah (brotherhood), and ta'awun (mutual assistance) that are internalized in the students' attitudes and behavior. Students are taught to live side by side without discrimination based on region of origin, social background, or cultural differences. Despite challenges such as a lack of formal understanding of the concept of multicultural education and limited learning media, its implementation has proven quite effective. Cross-cultural interactions among students are a crucial means of building harmony, solidarity, and mutual respect within the pesantren.

Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Critical Thinking Siswa dalam Pengamalan Nilai Pancasila Kelas V MI Tahdzibiyah Gempolpading

Fira Nur Arminatuzzahroh — 2026-01-26

This study aims to describe the critical thinking skills of fifth-grade students of MI Tahdzibiyah Gempolpading in understanding and practicing Pancasila values through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and critical thinking tests with 10 students who were divided into 5 small groups. The results of the study indicate that the application of the PBL learning model has a positive impact on improving students' critical thinking skills. Of the 10 students who were the subjects of the study, 6 students showed prominent achievements in recognizing moral issues, evaluating actions, formulating logical solutions, and linking behavior to the values contained in Pancasila. Students became more active in discussions, expressed opinions with rational reasons, and dared to make decisions independently. Through the study of real problems such as cheating, littering, arguing with teachers, graffiti on walls, and bullying behavior, students were able to understand the values of Pancasila more concretely. Despite obstacles such as differences in ability levels and limited implementation time, the PBL model has proven effective in encouraging students to become more critical, wise, and responsible individuals.

Metode Montessori untuk Mengatasi Kesulitan Membaca Siswa

Laely Aulia — 2026-01-26

Reading ability is a fundamental skill for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students, as it serves as the foundation for understanding various subjects. Based on observations in grade II at MI Sabilul Huda, several students were found to experience reading difficulties, such as being slow in recognizing letters, struggling to pronounce syllables fluently, and lacking comprehension of simple texts. This study aims to examine the implementation of the Montessori method and its effectiveness in addressing reading difficulties, as well as to describe the improvement in students’ reading ability after the intervention. The research employed a quantitative approach with a single-subject experimental design type A–B. The subjects consisted of three grade II students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through reading tests (pretest and posttest), observation, and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics, visual graphs, and PND (Percentage of Non-overlapping Data) analysis. The results showed that the Montessori method was implemented gradually, starting from letter recognition to reading short texts with comprehension, using concrete media such as letter cards, syllable cards, sandpaper letters, and picture books. The intervention improved the average reading score from 18.67 to 32.67 (an increase of 28% from the maximum score), with a PND of 100%, indicating very high effectiveness. Therefore, the Montessori method proved to enhance students’ fluency, accuracy, and independence in reading, and is considered a viable alternative strategy for teaching beginning reading at the elementary or Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level.

Pengaruh Model Teams Games Tournament (TGT) untuk Menciptakan Pembelajaran Efektif dan Menyenangkan

Khofifatul Mabruroh — 2026-01-26

This study aims to investigate the effect of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model in creating effective and enjoyable learning in Grade IV at MI Ma’arif NU Pucuk for the 2024/2025 academic year. The background of this research is the low level of student engagement and enthusiasm in the learning process due to monotonous conventional teaching methods. This study employs a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects consisted of 32 students. Data collection techniques included tests (pretest and posttest) to measure learning effectiveness, and questionnaires to determine the level of students’ enjoyment during the learning process. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistics and inferential statistics in the form of a Paired Sample T-Test. The results showed that the average pretest score of 64.34 increased to 88.25 in the posttest. The results of the Paired Sample T-Test showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. This proves that the TGT model is effective in improving student learning outcomes. In addition, the questionnaire results showed that 62.5% of students considered the learning to be very enjoyable, and 37.5% found it enjoyable. No students felt that the learning was less or not enjoyable. Therefore, the TGT model has been proven to have a positive impact in creating effective and enjoyable learning.

Strategi Meningkatkan Skill Communication Santri Melalui Kegiatan Muhadharah di Ma’had Ulul Albab MAN 2 Lamongan

Muhammad Adiib — 2026-01-26

This research is motivated by the importance of communication skills in shaping the personality of students (santri) to face 21st-century challenges. At Ma’had Ulul Albab MAN 2 Lamongan, muhadharah (public speaking activities) serves as the primary strategy for training students to speak in public. However, several obstacles persist, such as low self-confidence, over-reliance on scripts, and difficulties in interaction. This study aims to describe the implementation, strategies, and benefits of muhadharah activities in improving students' communication skills. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative with a field study approach. Data collection techniques include participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The research informants consist of the head of the ma’had, teachers (ustadzah), and students active in muhadharah activities. The results indicate that muhadharah activities are implemented structurally using a rotation system and evaluations from supervisors. The strategies used include continuous training, personal mentoring, motivation, and variations in delivery methods, such as memorizing and understanding the material. Students demonstrated improvements in courage, speaking fluency, and the ability to convey ideas systematically. In conclusion, muhadharah activities are effective as a strategy to enhance students' communication skills. This study suggests that the ma’had should continuously evaluate and develop muhadharah methods to be more varied and adaptive to modern needs, while providing intensive assistance for students who still face communication barriers.

Implementasi Metode Snowball Throwing untuk Meningkatkan Self Confidence Siswa pada Pelajaran SKI Kelas VIII MTs Tanwiriyah Kalisari Bojonegoro

Aulia Nailul Izzati Sasabila — 2026-01-26

The low level of student self-confidence within the context of active learning remains a significant challenge in the current Indonesian education landscape. Based on various national education reports and psychological studies, it has been found that many students feel awkward, fear making mistakes, and lack confidence in their abilities when asked to perform or express opinions in class. This phenomenon indicates a need for learning methods that focus not only on cognition but also on fostering character growth, particularly self-confidence. This study aims to determine how the implementation of the Snowball Throwing-based cooperative learning method improves students' self-confidence in Islamic Cultural History (SKI) subjects, specifically focusing on: (1) belief in one's own abilities, and (2) courage in expressing opinions and taking responsibility. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were the teacher and students of class VIII-2 at MTs Tanwiriyah Kalisari. The results show that the application of the Snowball Throwing method significantly enhances student self-confidence. Students became more certain of their abilities, more active in expressing opinions, and demonstrated the courage to make decisions and take responsibility during the learning process. These findings align with Lauster’s indicators of self-confidence, which emphasize the importance of self-expression, decision-making, and belief in personal competence. Furthermore, these results support Jean Piaget’s constructivism theory, where students actively build understanding through direct experience, social interaction, and reflection on the challenges they face.

Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Religius dalam Membentuk Akhlakul Karimah Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi

M. Tubagus Imam Yazid Busthomi — 2026-01-26

Religious values are an aspect of human personality that cannot stand alone; they are related to other aspects of personality and must be instilled in children as early as possible so as not to hinder their future tasks and development. Religious abilities do not develop on their own; they are acquired through willpower and encouragement from others, including teachers and parents, who must set a good example and be role models. This study aims to describe the process of instilling religious values in shaping the good character of students at Sukodadi 1 State Senior High School. The background of this study is based on the phenomenon of moral decline among teenagers due to the influence of globalisation, as well as the importance of character education based on religious values. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study show that the activities carried out in instilling religious values include starting with the habit of smiling, greeting, and saying hello, the habit of Friday morning studies, the habit of praying together before starting lessons, the habit of being honest, the habit of being responsible, the habit of being disciplined, and the habit of praying. The supporting factors in the implementation of religious values include: the support and attention of parents and