Birokrasi Weberian: “Proportional Approach”

Abstract

Weberian bureaucracy theory is a bureaucratic theory that is very influential on all
countries both those who embrace democracy and authoritarianism. Weber sees that
bureaucratic performance can be approached from social behavior theory. To know and
explain human behavior, it must first know the intent and purpose of the behavior. Weber
distinguishes the motives behind human behavior, namely affective, traditional, value rational
and instrumentally rational. Instrumentally rational is the guideline in the behavior of
Weber's bureaucracy. Weber further stated, authority is not formed and implemented by
itself. In order to create a legal authority there are five creeds that must be used as guidelines.
The five creeds are as follows: Legitimate rules, law is an abstract, impersonal system of rules,
which obeys the law only as members of the bureaucracy, obedience not to the person holding
authority but to the impersonal rule of law. Based on the five conceptions, Weber formulated
eight propositions regarding the formulation of legal authority namely: official duty
regulation, task specialization, hierarchical, technical-legal, impersonal, written,
administrative-bureaucratic staff. This theory is considered by many political experts and
governments to have a number of weaknesses. These weaknesses are a hierarchical
bureaucratic structure, a military-like organizational system, excessive emphasis on the legalformal

aspect, unit specialization, bureaucratic employees who are not neutral and
bureaucratic employees who are less representative. Besides these weaknesses, Weber's
bureaucratic theory has made a positive contribution in the process of implementing
governance today, namely the impersonal system, the contract system for employees, the
career system and the focus on one position.